Understand Your Fertility Condition
Explore medically reviewed guides to 19 common fertility conditions, from PCOS and endometriosis to unexplained infertility. Each guide explains causes, diagnosis, how the condition affects fertility, and which treatments are most effective.
MD, DGO Reproductive Medicine · Medically reviewed by
Did You Know: Up to 40% of infertility cases in India involve a diagnosable female fertility condition. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment significantly improve outcomes across all age groups.
About This Conditions Library
Fertility conditions range from hormonal imbalances like PCOS to structural issues like fibroids and tubal blockages. Understanding your specific condition — its causes, how it's diagnosed, and which treatments are best suited — is the foundation of an informed fertility journey.
Each guide in this library is written by medical writers with REI specialist oversight, citing peer-reviewed research from PubMed, ESHRE, and ICMR. Guides are updated quarterly and include practical next steps linking to relevant treatments, tools, and Q&A content.
Educational Purpose
These guides are for informational purposes only. A diagnosis must come from a qualified reproductive endocrinologist after clinical evaluation, blood tests, and imaging.
19 condition guides found
Age & Fertility
Natural decline in egg quality and quantity with age, with significant acceleration after 35. The most important single factor in fertility outcomes.
Hyperprolactinemia
Elevated prolactin levels that suppress ovulation and disrupt the menstrual cycle. One of the most treatable causes of infertility with medication.
Hydrosalpinx
Fluid-filled, blocked fallopian tube that can significantly reduce IVF success rates if untreated. Treatment before IVF improves outcomes.
Asherman's Syndrome
Intrauterine adhesions (scar tissue) that form inside the uterus after surgery or infection, reducing the uterine cavity and impairing fertility.
Endometrial Polyps
Benign growths on the uterine lining that can interfere with embryo implantation. Found in up to 32% of women with unexplained infertility.
Varicocele
Enlarged veins in the scrotum that raise testicular temperature, damaging sperm production. The most common treatable cause of male infertility.
Azoospermia
Complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. Affects 1% of men and 10-15% of infertile men. Treatment depends on whether the cause is obstructive or non-obstructive.
Adenomyosis
Endometrial tissue grows into the muscular wall of the uterus, causing heavy periods, pain, and impaired implantation.
Uterine Anomalies
Congenital uterine abnormalities such as septate, bicornuate, or arcuate uterus can affect implantation and increase miscarriage risk. Often correctable with hysteroscopic surgery.
Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Ovarian function declines before age 40. Rare but significant — affects 1% of women. Donor egg IVF offers the highest success rates for women with POI seeking pregnancy.
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Defined as 2 or more consecutive pregnancy losses. Chromosomal abnormalities are the most common cause. PGT-A testing during IVF can significantly improve outcomes.
Thyroid Disorders
Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can disrupt ovulation, implantation, and early pregnancy. TSH screening is a standard part of the fertility workup in India.
Unexplained Infertility
No identifiable cause found after a full fertility workup. Affects 15–25% of couples. Empirical treatment with IUI or IVF is typically recommended after 12–18 months of trying.
Blocked Fallopian Tubes
Tubal blockages prevent sperm and egg from meeting. Often caused by pelvic infections or endometriosis. IVF is the primary treatment, bypassing the tubes entirely.
Male Factor Infertility
Low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal morphology contributes to 40–50% of infertility cases in India. Semen analysis is the first diagnostic step.
Uterine Fibroids
Non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can interfere with implantation depending on size and location. Submucosal fibroids have the greatest impact on fertility outcomes.
Diminished Ovarian Reserve
Low AMH or antral follicle count indicating reduced egg quantity. Can occur at any age. IVF with tailored stimulation protocols remains the most effective treatment path.
Endometriosis
Endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, causing pain and affecting egg quality and tubal function. Affects 1 in 10 women of reproductive age in India.
PCOS
The most common hormonal disorder affecting fertility. Irregular cycles, excess androgens, and polycystic ovaries. Highly treatable with lifestyle changes and targeted medication.
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Compare Treatments for Your Condition
Once you understand your condition, the next step is learning which treatments are most effective. Our treatment guides explain IVF, IUI, ICSI, egg freezing, and more — including success rates specific to each condition.
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View Cost GuideCommon Questions About Fertility Conditions
"Can I get pregnant naturally if I have PCOS?"
Yes — many women with PCOS conceive naturally, especially with lifestyle modifications and weight management. Ovulation induction medications like letrozole or clomiphene are often the first treatment step before considering IUI or IVF.
"Does endometriosis always require surgery before IVF?"
Not always. For mild to moderate endometriosis, IVF can be attempted directly. Surgery is typically recommended for endometriomas larger than 4cm or when endometriosis severely impacts ovarian access. The decision depends on ovarian reserve, age, and symptom severity.
"My husband has low sperm count — do we need IVF?"
It depends on the severity. Mild to moderate male factor infertility may be addressed with IUI. Severe male factor — very low count, poor motility, or zero sperm (azoospermia) — typically requires IVF with ICSI. A semen analysis and andrologist consultation will determine the right path.